Typo fixes (#39)

* Typo fixes and phrasing improvements to flour types

* Fix typos
This commit is contained in:
Ned Park
2023-01-19 10:46:25 -05:00
committed by GitHub
parent 6e8bc56ee8
commit 4bf9e6c9b5
2 changed files with 37 additions and 37 deletions

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@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ bread can be made with all kinds of flour. You can even use
flour without gluten such as corn or rice flour to make such flour without gluten such as corn or rice flour to make such
a dough. To make the flat bread a little more fluffy you a dough. To make the flat bread a little more fluffy you
can use a little bit of wheat flour. The developing gluten can use a little bit of wheat flour. The developing gluten
will trap the gasses. During baking theses gasses will will trap the gasses. During baking, these gasses will
inflate the dough. inflate the dough.
Another trick to improve the texture of the flat bread is to Another trick to improve the texture of the flat bread is to
@@ -71,9 +71,9 @@ an oven.
\label{fig:free-standing-loaf-pan} \label{fig:free-standing-loaf-pan}
\end{figure} \end{figure}
After mixing the ingredients of your dough you can directly After mixing the ingredients of your dough, you can directly
place the dough inside of the loaf pan. This makes the whole place the dough inside of the loaf pan. This makes the whole
process simpler as you can skip steps such as shaping the dough. process simpler since you can skip steps such as shaping the dough.
To make a great loaf pan bread with little work: To make a great loaf pan bread with little work:
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ to clean them. With each bake a better patina forms making your
pan more and more stick resistant. pan more and more stick resistant.
What's amazing about this type of bread is that it works What's amazing about this type of bread is that it works
with every flour. Overall time to work the dough is probably with every flour. The overall time to work the dough is probably
less than 5 minutes, making it very easy to integrate less than 5 minutes, making it very easy to integrate
into your daily routine. Furthermore loaf pans use the space into your daily routine. Furthermore loaf pans use the space
in your oven very efficiently. Using the pans I can in your oven very efficiently. Using the pans I can
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ for instance requires you to perform more steps. Mastering this
technique takes several attempts. technique takes several attempts.
Once the dough is shaped it is proofed again for a certain Once the dough is shaped it is proofed again for a certain
period of time. Once the dough is ready a sharp tool such period of time. Once the dough is ready, a sharp tool such
as a razor blade is used to make an incision into the dough. as a razor blade is used to make an incision into the dough.
This helps the dough to better open up during the baking process. This helps the dough to better open up during the baking process.
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ for this type of bread in the "\nameref{chapter:wheat-sourdough}" chapter.
\section{Simple flat bread recipe} \section{Simple flat bread recipe}
\label{section:flat-bread-recipe} \label{section:flat-bread-recipe}
If you are just getting started making a flat bread is the If you are just getting started, making a flat bread is the
easiest way to start making great bread at home. With just a easiest way to start making great bread at home. With just a
few steps you can stop buying bread forever. This works with few steps you can stop buying bread forever. This works with
every flour, including gluten free options. every flour, including gluten free options.
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ using warm water.
This way you should have around 11g of sourdough ready in the evening. You will have This way you should have around 11g of sourdough ready in the evening. You will have
the perfect quantity to make a dough for a single person. In case you want to make more the perfect quantity to make a dough for a single person. In case you want to make more
bread simply multiply the quantities shown in table \ref*{tab:flat-bread-ingredients}. bread, simply multiply the quantities shown in table \ref*{tab:flat-bread-ingredients}.
Then in the evening simply mix the ingredients as shown in the table. Your dough Then in the evening simply mix the ingredients as shown in the table. Your dough
is going to be ready in the morning. It's typically ready after 6-12 hours. If is going to be ready in the morning. It's typically ready after 6-12 hours. If
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ and see what you personally like the most.
After mixing the ingredients together cover the container in which After mixing the ingredients together cover the container in which
you made the dough. This prevents the dough from drying out and makes you made the dough. This prevents the dough from drying out and makes
sure no fruit flies get access. A transparent container will be helpful sure no fruit flies get access. A transparent container will be helpful
when getting stared. You can better observe the dough and see when when getting started. You can better observe the dough and see when
it is ready. it is ready.
\begin{figure}[htb!] \begin{figure}[htb!]
@@ -239,27 +239,27 @@ it is ready.
The image has been provided by Charliefleurene via Wikipedia} The image has been provided by Charliefleurene via Wikipedia}
\end{figure} \end{figure}
If you used the flat bread option with less water look at a size increase If you used the flat bread option with less water look at the size increase
of your dough. The dough should have increased at least 50 percent in size. of your dough. The dough should have increased at least 50 percent in size.
Also look out for bubbles bubbles on the edges of your container. Also look out for bubbles on the edges of your container.
When going the pancake route look out for bubbles on the surface of your dough. When going the pancake route, look out for bubbles on the surface of your dough.
In both cases use your nose to check the scent of your dough. Depending In both cases use your nose to check the scent of your dough. Depending
on your sourdough starter's microbiome your dough will have on your sourdough starter's microbiome your dough will have
dairy, fruity alcoholic notes or vinegary acetic notes. Relying dairy, fruity alcoholic notes or vinegary acetic notes. Relying
on the smell of your dough is best way to judge whether your on the smell of your dough is best way to judge whether your
dough is ready or not. Timings are not reliable as they dough is ready or not. Timings are not reliable as they
depend on your starter and temperature. If your dough depend on your starter and the temperature. If your dough
is ready too soon you can now move it directly to the fridge to bake is ready too soon, you can now move it directly to the fridge to bake
it at a later more convenient time. The low temperature will halt the fermentation it at a later more convenient time. The low temperature will halt the fermentation
process\footnote{There are some exceptions. In some rare cases your starter process\footnote{There are some exceptions. In some rare cases your starter
might also work at lower temperatures. You might have cultivated low temperature appreciating might also work at lower temperatures. You might have cultivated low temperature appreciating
microbes. Regardless though the fermentation microbes. Regardless though, the fermentation
is always slower the colder it gets. A fridge really helps to preserve the state is always slower the colder it gets. A fridge really helps to preserve the state
of your dough.} of your dough.}
and your dough is going to be good for several days. The longer you wait the more sour the and your dough is going to be good for several days. The longer you wait the more sour the
bread is going to be. The fridge is a great option in case you wanted to bread is going to be. The fridge is a great option in case you wanted to
take the dough with you when visiting friends. People are going take the dough with you when visiting friends. People are going
to love you for the freshly baked flat breads or pancakes. If you dare to love you for the freshly baked flat breads or pancakes. If you dare,
you can also taste a little bit of your raw uncooked dough. It is likely you can also taste a little bit of your raw uncooked dough. It is likely
going to taste relatively sour. I do this frequently to better evaluate the going to taste relatively sour. I do this frequently to better evaluate the
state of my doughs. state of my doughs.
@@ -277,16 +277,16 @@ If you are completely lazy or don't have time, you could also use older sourdoug
to make the dough directly without any prior starter feedings. Your sourdough starter to make the dough directly without any prior starter feedings. Your sourdough starter
is going to regrow inside of your dough. The is going to regrow inside of your dough. The
final bread might be a bit more on the sour side as the balance of yeast to final bread might be a bit more on the sour side as the balance of yeast to
bacteria could be a off. In the table I recommended to use around 5 to 20 percent bacteria could be off. In the table I recommended using around 5 to 20 percent
of sourdough starter based on the flour to make the dough. If you were to follow of sourdough starter based on the flour to make the dough. If you were to follow
this approach just use around 1 percent and make the dough directly. this approach, just use around 1 percent and make the dough directly.
The dough is probably going to be ready 24 hours later depending on the temperature. The dough is probably going to be ready 24 hours later depending on the temperature.
If you wanted to make sweet pan cakes, add some sugar and optional eggs to your dough If you wanted to make sweet pancakes, add some sugar and optional eggs to your dough
now. A good quantity of eggs is around 1 egg per 100 grams of flour. now. A good quantity of eggs is around 1 egg per 100 grams of flour.
Stir your dough a little bit and it is ready to be used. You'll Stir your dough a little bit and it is ready to be used. You'll
have delicious sweet savory pancakes, the perfect combination. By have delicious sweet savory pancakes, the perfect combination. By
adding the sugar now you make sure that the microbes don't have adding the sugar now, you make sure that the microbes don't have
enough time to fully ferment it. If you had added the sugar enough time to fully ferment it. If you had added the sugar
earlier no sweet flavour would be left 12 hours later. earlier no sweet flavour would be left 12 hours later.
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ option opt for around 0.1-0.5cm depending on what you like.
\centering \centering
\caption{The crumb of a flat bread made with einkorn as flour. Einkorn \caption{The crumb of a flat bread made with einkorn as flour. Einkorn
is very low in gluten and thus does not trap as much CO2 as a wheat based is very low in gluten and thus does not trap as much CO2 as a wheat based
though. To make the dough fluffier use more water or consider adding dough. To make the dough fluffier use more water or consider adding
more wheat to the mix of your dough.} more wheat to the mix of your dough.}
\end{figure} \end{figure}
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ bake your breads the more of the acidity is going to evaporate. If your
dough is a bit more on the sour side you can use this trick to balance dough is a bit more on the sour side you can use this trick to balance
out the acidity. This really depends on which flavor you are looking for. out the acidity. This really depends on which flavor you are looking for.
When making a flat bread I recommend to wrap the baked flat breads When making a flat bread I recommend wrapping the baked flat breads
in a kitchen towel. This way more of the evaporating humidity in a kitchen towel. This way more of the evaporating humidity
stays inside of your breads. This makes sure your flat breads stay stays inside of your breads. This makes sure your flat breads stay
nice and fluffy for a longer period after the bake. A similar option is nice and fluffy for a longer period after the bake. A similar option is
@@ -330,4 +330,4 @@ Keep a little bit of your unbaked dough. You can use it to make the next
batch of bread or pancakes for the next day. If you want to bake a few days later, add batch of bread or pancakes for the next day. If you want to bake a few days later, add
a little bit of water and flour and store this mixture in your fridge a little bit of water and flour and store this mixture in your fridge
for as long as you like.\footnote{The starter will stay good for months. If you are out for as long as you like.\footnote{The starter will stay good for months. If you are out
for longer consider drying a little bit of your sourdough starter.} for longer, consider drying a little bit of your sourdough starter.}

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@@ -6,10 +6,10 @@ shop the right flour that you need.
The most basic flour type is a whole flour. In this case the whole seed has The most basic flour type is a whole flour. In this case the whole seed has
been ground to smaller pieces. Sometimes depending on what you want to bake been ground to smaller pieces. Sometimes depending on what you want to bake
the hearty taste of the bran might not be desired. In this case you can use the hearty taste of the bran might not be desired. In this case you can use
whiter flours. With sieves mills remove larger parts of the hull of the seed. whiter flours. With sieves, mills remove larger parts of the hull of the seed.
The seed already contains a pre built germ from the plant waiting to be The seed already contains a pre built germ from the plant waiting to be
activated. The whitest flour you can get is mostly just the starch part of the seed. activated. The whitest flour you can get is mostly just the starch part of the seed.
Depending on which layers are still present names are used to describe the Depending on which layers are still present, names are used to describe the
type of flour. type of flour.
\begin{table}[htb!] \begin{table}[htb!]
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ In Germany the ash content is used to describe the flours. The lab will burn
100 grams of flour in the oven. Then afterwards the remaining ash is extracted 100 grams of flour in the oven. Then afterwards the remaining ash is extracted
and measured. Depending on the quantity the flour is categorized. If the flour and measured. Depending on the quantity the flour is categorized. If the flour
is of type 405 then 405 milligrams of ash have remained after burning the is of type 405 then 405 milligrams of ash have remained after burning the
flour. The more hull parts the flour has the more minerals remain. So the the flour. The more hull parts the flour has the more minerals remain. So the
higher the number the closer the flour is to whole flour. The numbers are higher the number the closer the flour is to whole flour. The numbers are
slightly different between each grain type. Generally though the higher the slightly different between each grain type. Generally though the higher the
value, the heartier the taste is going to be. value, the heartier the taste is going to be.
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ value, the heartier the taste is going to be.
\end{figure} \end{figure}
If you compare different grain types there are grains with high gluten, low gluten If you compare different grain types there are grains with high gluten, low gluten
and no gluten. Gluten is what enables bread to have the fluffy consistency. and no gluten. Gluten is what enables bread to have its fluffy consistency.
Without gluten the baked goods wouldn't have the same properties. Managing Without gluten the baked goods wouldn't have the same properties. Managing
gluten makes the whole bread making process more complex as more steps are involved. gluten makes the whole bread making process more complex as more steps are involved.
A dough without gluten doesn't have to be kneaded. Kneading creates A dough without gluten doesn't have to be kneaded. Kneading creates
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ the gluten bonds. The more you knead the stronger they become. With low
gluten and no gluten flours you only have to mix the ingredients together, making gluten and no gluten flours you only have to mix the ingredients together, making
sure you properly homogenize everything. During the duration of the fermentation sure you properly homogenize everything. During the duration of the fermentation
the gluten degrades as the microorganisms metabolize it. When too much gluten the gluten degrades as the microorganisms metabolize it. When too much gluten
has been converted your dough will no longer have the previosly wheat like described has been converted your dough will no longer have the previously wheat-like described
structure. For no/low gluten flour your main focus is managing acidity. You do not structure. For no/low gluten flour your main focus is managing acidity. You do not
want the final bread to be too sour. You do not have to worry about the gluten want the final bread to be too sour. You do not have to worry about the gluten
degradation, removing a huge headache from the equation. degradation, removing a huge headache from the equation.
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ degradation, removing a huge headache from the equation.
\end{table} \end{table}
As gluten has a special role the rest of this chapter is dedicated to having a As gluten has a special role, the rest of this chapter is dedicated to having a
closer look at different gluten flours and how to distinguish them. Spelt closer look at different gluten flours and how to distinguish them. Spelt
also contains significant amounts of gluten so the same characteristics hold also contains significant amounts of gluten so the same characteristics hold
true. true.
@@ -88,10 +88,10 @@ wrongfully classified. The term \textit{strong or bread} flour in this case
refers to the properties of the flour. A bread flour is considered to have a refers to the properties of the flour. A bread flour is considered to have a
higher number of protein and thus gluten. This flour is excellent when you higher number of protein and thus gluten. This flour is excellent when you
want to make a sourdough bread as your dough allows for a longer leavening want to make a sourdough bread as your dough allows for a longer leavening
period. As described earlier the gluten is consumed by your microorganisms. period. As described earlier, the gluten is consumed by your microorganisms.
The more gluten you have the longer your dough keeps its integrity. If you wanted The more gluten you have the longer your dough keeps its integrity. If you wanted
to make a cake you might want to use a flour with less gluten. The gluten binding to make a cake you might want to use a flour with less gluten. The gluten binding
properties might not be desirable. The final cake could have a chewy texture. properties might not be desirable since the final cake could have a chewy texture.
In conclusion not every T405, T45 or T00 flour is the same. Depending on the properties In conclusion not every T405, T45 or T00 flour is the same. Depending on the properties
of plant they have different properties. For that reason some countries like of plant they have different properties. For that reason some countries like
@@ -105,18 +105,18 @@ baking properties. This type of wheat is typically used as animal feed or
as fermentable biomass for generators. Category \textbf{E} refers to \textit{Elite} wheat. It's as fermentable biomass for generators. Category \textbf{E} refers to \textit{Elite} wheat. It's
the highest quality of wheat. This kind of wheat can be harvested when the the highest quality of wheat. This kind of wheat can be harvested when the
wheat has grown under optimal conditions. You can compare this to a winery wheat has grown under optimal conditions. You can compare this to a winery
that uses only the best grapes to make a reserve wine. Unfortunately this is normally never printed that uses only the best grapes to make a reserve wine. Unfortunately, this is normally never printed
on the packaging of the flour that you buy. You can look out for the protein on the packaging of the flour that you buy. You can look out for the protein
value as a possible indicator. However large mills blend together flours to value as a possible indicator. However large mills blend flours together to
maintain quality throughout the years. Blended flour is also not listed on maintain quality throughout the years. Blended flour is also not listed on
the packaging. It might be that bakeries extract gluten from some flour and the packaging. It might be that bakeries extract gluten from some flour and
then mix it in order to create better baking flours. then mix it in order to create better baking flours.
In italy the so called In Italy the so called
\textbf{W-value} has been introduced to show better how the flour will behave. \textbf{W-value} has been introduced to show better how the flour will behave.
A dough is made and then the resistance of this dough to kneading is measured. A dough is made and then the resistance of this dough to kneading is measured.
The more gluten a flour has the more elastic the dough is and the more it will The more gluten a flour has the more elastic the dough is and the more it will
resist to kneading. A higher W flour will have a higher gluten content and allow for a longer resist kneading. A higher W flour will have a higher gluten content and allow for a longer
fermentation period. But at the same time it is also harder for the microbes to fermentation period. But at the same time it is also harder for the microbes to
inflate the dough as there is more balloon material. To make an excellent fermented inflate the dough as there is more balloon material. To make an excellent fermented
product out of a high W flour you will need to have a long fermentation period. product out of a high W flour you will need to have a long fermentation period.
@@ -139,13 +139,13 @@ your dough with more flavor.
\end{table} \end{table}
Generally when aiming to Generally, when aiming to
bake free standing sourdough bread aim for a higher protein content. If the bake free standing sourdough bread aim for a higher protein content. If the
gluten value is relatively low your bread will collapse faster. Baking bread gluten value is relatively low your bread will collapse faster. Baking bread
is still possible, but it might be easier to use tools such as a loaf pan, or is still possible, but it might be easier to use tools such as a loaf pan, or
to make pan bread. to make pan or flat breads.
An additional rarely considered characteristic of good flour is the level of damaging of the An additional rarely considered characteristic of good flour is the level of damage to the
starch molecules. This is a common problem when you are trying to mill your own wheat flours at starch molecules. This is a common problem when you are trying to mill your own wheat flours at
home. Chances are that your home mill is not able to achieve the same results home. Chances are that your home mill is not able to achieve the same results
a larger mill can. The damaging of the starches is essential to improve the a larger mill can. The damaging of the starches is essential to improve the