mirror of
https://github.com/hendricius/the-sourdough-framework
synced 2025-11-09 12:41:12 -06:00
Review non-wheat chapter
Usual typos and text improvements plus a little LaTeX magic for better typography
This commit is contained in:
@@ -41,8 +41,6 @@
|
|||||||
\label{chapter:wheat-sourdough}
|
\label{chapter:wheat-sourdough}
|
||||||
\input{wheat-sourdough/wheat-sourdough}
|
\input{wheat-sourdough/wheat-sourdough}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\chapter{Non wheat sourdough}%
|
|
||||||
\label{chapter:non-wheat-sourdough}
|
|
||||||
\input{non-wheat-sourdough/non-wheat-sourdough}
|
\input{non-wheat-sourdough/non-wheat-sourdough}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
% \input{mix-ins/mix-ins.tex}
|
% \input{mix-ins/mix-ins.tex}
|
||||||
|
|||||||
@@ -1,13 +1,38 @@
|
|||||||
|
\chapter{Non wheat sourdough}%
|
||||||
|
\label{chapter:non-wheat-sourdough}
|
||||||
\begin{quoting}
|
\begin{quoting}
|
||||||
In this chapter you will learn how to make a basic sourdough bread
|
In this chapter you will learn how to make a basic sourdough bread
|
||||||
using non-wheat flour. This includes all flour except spelt.
|
using non-wheat flour, basically all flour except spelt.
|
||||||
The key difference between wheat and non-wheat flour is
|
The key difference between wheat and non-wheat flour is
|
||||||
the quantity of gluten. Wheat and spelt feature a high amount
|
the quantity of gluten, the former feature a high amount
|
||||||
of gluten. The non-wheat flours do not. In the case of rye flour,
|
of gluten, while the non-wheat flours do not.
|
||||||
sugars called pentosans prevent gluten bonds from properly
|
|
||||||
forming~\cite{rye+pentosans}.
|
|
||||||
\end{quoting}
|
\end{quoting}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The whole process (see Flowchart~\ref{flc:non-wheat-sourdough}) is a lot
|
||||||
|
easier: you mix the ingredients and wait for a certain period until the dough
|
||||||
|
has reached the level of acidity that you like. Afterward, you shape the
|
||||||
|
dough or pour it into a loaf pan. After a short proofing period, the bread can
|
||||||
|
be baked. Due to the lack of gluten development, the final bread will feature
|
||||||
|
a denser crumb compared to wheat, as you can see in
|
||||||
|
Picture~\ref{fig:rye-crumb}.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin{flowchart}[!htb]
|
||||||
|
\begin{center}
|
||||||
|
\input{figures/fig-non-wheat-process.tex}
|
||||||
|
\caption[Process for non-wheat sourdough bread]{A visualization of the
|
||||||
|
process to make non-wheat sourdough bread. The process is much simpler
|
||||||
|
than making wheat sourdough bread. There is no gluten development. The
|
||||||
|
ingredients are simply mixed together.}%
|
||||||
|
\label{flc:non-wheat-sourdough}
|
||||||
|
\end{center}
|
||||||
|
\end{flowchart}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
For non-wheat flours---including rye, emmer, and einkorn---no gluten
|
||||||
|
development has to be done, meaning there is no kneading, no
|
||||||
|
over-fermentation, and no issues with making flat bread. In the case of rye
|
||||||
|
flour, sugars called pentosans prevent gluten bonds from properly
|
||||||
|
forming~\cite{rye+pentosans}.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin{figure}[!htb]
|
\begin{figure}[!htb]
|
||||||
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{final-bread}
|
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{final-bread}
|
||||||
\caption[Sourdough rye bread]{A sourdough rye bread made using a loaf pan.
|
\caption[Sourdough rye bread]{A sourdough rye bread made using a loaf pan.
|
||||||
@@ -16,49 +41,28 @@ forming~\cite{rye+pentosans}.
|
|||||||
\label{fig:non-wheat-final-bread}
|
\label{fig:non-wheat-final-bread}
|
||||||
\end{figure}
|
\end{figure}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
For these flours including rye, emmer, and einkorn, no gluten
|
|
||||||
development has to be done. This means there is no kneading,
|
|
||||||
no over-fermentation, and no issues with making flat bread.
|
|
||||||
The whole process
|
|
||||||
is a lot easier. You mix the ingredients and
|
|
||||||
wait for a certain period until the dough has
|
|
||||||
reached the level of acidity that you like. Afterward, you
|
|
||||||
shape the dough or pour it into a loaf pan. After a short proofing
|
|
||||||
period, the bread can be baked. Due to the lack
|
|
||||||
of gluten development, the final bread will feature a denser
|
|
||||||
crumb compared to wheat.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin{flowchart}[!htb]
|
|
||||||
\begin{center}
|
|
||||||
\input{figures/fig-non-wheat-process.tex}
|
|
||||||
\caption[Process for non-wheat sourdough bread]{A visualization of the
|
|
||||||
process to make non-wheat sourdough bread. The process is much simpler
|
|
||||||
than making wheat sourdough bread. There is no gluten development. The
|
|
||||||
ingredients are simply mixed together.}%
|
|
||||||
\label{fig:non-wheat-sourdough}
|
|
||||||
\end{center}
|
|
||||||
\end{flowchart}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This chapter will focus on making rye bread. The flour could
|
This chapter will focus on making rye bread. The flour could
|
||||||
be replaced with einkorn or emmer based on your preference.
|
be replaced with einkorn or emmer based on your preference.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The following recipe will make you 2 loaves:
|
The following recipe will make you 2 loaves:
|
||||||
\begin{itemize}
|
|
||||||
\item \qty{1000}{\gram} of whole rye flour
|
\begin{tabular}{r@{}rl@{}}
|
||||||
\item \qty{800}{\gram} of room temperature water (\qty{80}{\percent})
|
\qty{1000}{\gram} &~(\qty{100}{\percent}) & Whole rye flour\\
|
||||||
\item \qty{200}{\gram} of sourdough starter (\qty{20}{\percent})
|
\qty{800}{\gram} & (\qty{80}{\percent}) & Water at room temperature\\
|
||||||
\item \qty{20}{\gram} of salt (\qty{2}{\percent})
|
\qty{200}{\gram} & (\qty{20}{\percent}) & Sourdough starter\\
|
||||||
\end{itemize}
|
\qty{20}{\gram} & (\qty{2}{\percent}) & Salt\\
|
||||||
|
\end{tabular}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The sourdough starter can be in an active or inactive state. If it has been
|
The sourdough starter can be in an active or inactive state. If it has been
|
||||||
at room temperature for a week with no feedings then it will be okay, or
|
at room temperature for a week with no feedings then it will be okay, same
|
||||||
if it has come right out of the fridge then still it will be no problem.
|
if it has come right out of the fridge then still it will be no problem.
|
||||||
The dough is very forgiving.
|
The dough is very forgiving.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If you follow the suggested dough from the recipe you are making a relatively
|
If you follow the suggested quantities from the recipe you are making a
|
||||||
wet rye dough. It's so wet that it can only be made using a loaf pan. If
|
relatively wet rye dough. It's so wet that it can only be made using a loaf
|
||||||
you want to make a freestanding rye bread, consider reducing the hydration
|
pan. If you want to make a freestanding rye bread, consider reducing the
|
||||||
to around \qty{60}{\percent}.
|
hydration to around~\qty{60}{\percent}.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin{figure}[!htb]
|
\begin{figure}[!htb]
|
||||||
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{ingredients}
|
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{ingredients}
|
||||||
@@ -68,12 +72,11 @@ to around \qty{60}{\percent}.
|
|||||||
\label{fig:non-wheat-ingredients}
|
\label{fig:non-wheat-ingredients}
|
||||||
\end{figure}
|
\end{figure}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Mix together all the ingredients with your hands. You can also
|
Mix together all the ingredients with your hands, or opt for a spatula to
|
||||||
opt for a spatula to simplify things. Rye flour itself is very
|
simplify things. Rye flour itself is very sticky and unpleasant to mix by
|
||||||
sticky and unpleasant to mix by hand. The dough will stick
|
hand, the dough will stick a lot to your hands. If you use a stiff starter, it
|
||||||
a lot to your hands. If you use a stiff starter, it can be
|
could be easier to first dissolve it in the dough's water, then add the other
|
||||||
easier to dissolve it in the dough's water. Once dissolved,
|
ingredients.
|
||||||
add the other ingredients.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin{figure}[!htb]
|
\begin{figure}[!htb]
|
||||||
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{sticky-hands}
|
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{sticky-hands}
|
||||||
@@ -84,7 +87,7 @@ add the other ingredients.
|
|||||||
\label{fig:non-wheat-sticky-hands}
|
\label{fig:non-wheat-sticky-hands}
|
||||||
\end{figure}
|
\end{figure}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The goal of the mixing process is to homogenize the dough. There
|
The goal of the mixing process is simply to homogenize the dough, there
|
||||||
is no need to develop any dough strength. Once you see that
|
is no need to develop any dough strength. Once you see that
|
||||||
your sourdough starter has been properly incorporated, your
|
your sourdough starter has been properly incorporated, your
|
||||||
dough is ready to begin bulk fermentation.
|
dough is ready to begin bulk fermentation.
|
||||||
@@ -97,21 +100,11 @@ most of the nutrients have been eaten by your microorganisms.
|
|||||||
You could let your dough sit for longer, but it wouldn't alter the
|
You could let your dough sit for longer, but it wouldn't alter the
|
||||||
final flavor profile by much.
|
final flavor profile by much.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
I~recommend waiting until the dough has roughly increased by~\qty{50}{\percent}
|
I~recommend waiting until the dough has roughly increased
|
||||||
in size. If you are daring, you can taste the dough
|
by~\qty{50}{\percent} in size. If you are daring, you can taste the dough to
|
||||||
to get an idea of the acidity profile. The dough will likely
|
get an idea of the acidity profile, it will likely taste very sour. However, a
|
||||||
taste very sour. However, a lot of the acid will evaporate
|
lot of the acid will evaporate during the baking process, therefore the final
|
||||||
during the baking process. So the final loaf will not be
|
loaf will not be as sour as the dough you are tasting.
|
||||||
as sour as the dough you are tasting.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Once you are happy with the acidity level, proceed to dividing
|
|
||||||
and shaping your dough. Shaping might not be possible if you opt
|
|
||||||
for the wetter dough. If you made a drier dough, use as much
|
|
||||||
flour as needed to dry the dough a little bit and form a dough ball.
|
|
||||||
There is no folding the dough. All you do is tuck it together
|
|
||||||
as much as is needed to apply the shape of your banneton.
|
|
||||||
For the wetter dough, use a spatula and pour as much dough as
|
|
||||||
needed into your greased loaf pan.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin{figure}[!htb]
|
\begin{figure}[!htb]
|
||||||
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{crumb}
|
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{crumb}
|
||||||
@@ -124,15 +117,21 @@ needed into your greased loaf pan.
|
|||||||
\label{fig:rye-crumb}
|
\label{fig:rye-crumb}
|
||||||
\end{figure}
|
\end{figure}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Carefully spread the dough with a spatula in your loaf pan. You
|
Once you are happy with the acidity level, proceed to dividing
|
||||||
can wet the spatula to make this process easier. Spread it
|
and shaping your dough. If you made a drier dough, use as much
|
||||||
until the surface looks smooth and shiny.
|
flour as needed to dry the dough a little bit and form a dough ball.
|
||||||
|
There is no folding the dough. All you do is tuck it together
|
||||||
|
as much as is needed to apply the shape of your banneton.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Shaping might not be possible if you opt for the wetter dough. Carefully spread
|
||||||
|
the dough with a spatula in your greased loaf pan, wetting the spatula to make
|
||||||
|
this process easier. Spread it until the surface looks smooth and shiny.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
For proofing, I~recommend waiting around 60~minutes. An extended
|
For proofing, I~recommend waiting around 60~minutes. An extended
|
||||||
proofing period does not make sense unless you want to further
|
proofing period does not make sense unless you want to further
|
||||||
increase the dough's acidity. The dough will not become fluffier
|
increase the dough's acidity. The dough will not become fluffier
|
||||||
the longer you proof. With the short proofing period, however,
|
the longer you proof. With the short proofing period, however,
|
||||||
the dough will become a bit more homogenous. This way the final
|
the dough will become a bit more homogeneous. This way the final
|
||||||
bread looks more uniform. The proofing period also allows the
|
bread looks more uniform. The proofing period also allows the
|
||||||
dough to fully extend and fill the edges of the loaf pan. I~also
|
dough to fully extend and fill the edges of the loaf pan. I~also
|
||||||
like to move the dough to the fridge for proofing. The dough stays
|
like to move the dough to the fridge for proofing. The dough stays
|
||||||
@@ -140,24 +139,23 @@ good in the fridge for weeks. You can proceed and bake it at a
|
|||||||
convenient time for you.
|
convenient time for you.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Once you are happy with the proofing stage, proceed and bake your dough
|
Once you are happy with the proofing stage, proceed and bake your dough
|
||||||
just like you'd normally do. For more details please refer to
|
just like you'd normally do, more details can be found in
|
||||||
Chapter~\ref{chapter:baking}. One challenging aspect
|
Chapter~\ref{chapter:baking}. One challenging aspect
|
||||||
of using a loaf pan is to make sure that the center part of your
|
of using a loaf pan is to make sure that the center part of your
|
||||||
dough is properly cooked. For this reason, it is best to use a thermometer
|
dough is properly cooked. For this reason, it is best to use a thermometer
|
||||||
and measure the internal temperature. The bread is
|
and measure the internal temperature. The bread is ready once the internal
|
||||||
ready once the internal temperature reaches \qty{92}{\degreeCelsius} (\qty{197}{\degF}). I~recommend
|
temperature reaches \qty{92}{\degreeCelsius} (\qty{197}{\degF}). I~recommend
|
||||||
removing the bread from the loaf pan once it reaches the desired
|
removing the bread from the loaf pan once it reaches the desired temperature,
|
||||||
temperature. Then you can continue baking the loaf without the pan and
|
then continue baking the loaf without the pan and steam. This way you achieve
|
||||||
steam. This way you achieve a great crust all around your
|
a great crust all around your loaf, and can bake as long as you like until you
|
||||||
loaf. You can bake as long as you like until you have achieved
|
have achieved your crust color of choice. The darker, the more crunchy
|
||||||
your crust color of choice. The darker, the more crunchy
|
the crust and the more flavor it offers. If you feel your dough might have
|
||||||
the crust and the more flavor it offers. If you feel your
|
been overly acidic you can extend the baking time, as the longer you bake, the
|
||||||
dough might have been overly acidic, you can extend the baking time.
|
more acidity will evaporate.
|
||||||
The longer you bake, the more acidity will evaporate.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This is one of my favorite breads to bake which I~eat on an
|
This is one of my favorite breads to bake which I~eat on an
|
||||||
almost daily basis. The effort required to make bread like
|
almost daily basis. The effort required to make bread like
|
||||||
this is much lower compared to a wheat-based dough. In some
|
this is much lower compared to a wheat-based dough. In some
|
||||||
cases, I~extend the recipe and add additional sourdough discard
|
cases, I~extend the recipe and add additional sourdough discard
|
||||||
to the dough. You can add as much discard as you like. The resulting
|
to the dough. You can add as much discard as you like. The resulting
|
||||||
bread has a very complex but delicious flavor profile.
|
bread will have a very complex but delicious flavor profile.
|
||||||
|
|||||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user